Metodo educativo kumon: Método Kumon: Cualidades del método y el material Kumon

Metodo educativo kumon: Método Kumon: Cualidades del método y el material Kumon

Método Kumon: Cualidades del método y el material Kumon

El método Kumon está pensado para ayudar a niños de cualquier capacidad a progresar hasta desarrollar al máximo su potencial y su entusiasmo por aprender. A través de hojas de estudio y con la ayuda del orientador, los alumnos trabajan al nivel más adecuado para desarrollar su capacidad y adquirir soltura con pasos pequeños y asumibles. Los alumnos pasan al siguiente nivel de las hojas de estudio solo cuando se sienten cómodos con su tarea actual. Así consolidamos sus bases de aprendizaje y la confianza en su propia capacidad.

Nuestros programas están diseñados para ayudar a los alumnos a pensar por sí mismos y a desarrollar su capacidad para resolver ejercicios intentando hallar las respuestas de forma autónoma. Para ello, se ayudan de los ejemplos que incluyen las hojas de estudio del método Kumon. Los orientadores observan a los alumnos y, con paciencia y discernimiento, los ayudan solo cuando es necesario de modo que desarrollen su capacidad para aprender por sí mismos. Nuestros programas, siempre basados en hojas de estudio, han ido evolucionando durante estos 60 años. Hemos aprendido de los alumnos cuál es la mejor forma de ayudarlos a triunfar, adquirir confianza y desarrollar sus habilidades para el aprendizaje autodidacta con el fin de que tengan un futuro brillante.

Orientación personalizada

Kumon es un método de aprendizaje personalizado que permite a cada alumno estudiar al nivel más adecuado para él, independientemente de su edad o curso escolar. Esto da a todos los niños la posibilidad de beneficiarse de Kumon, ya sea para afianzar conceptos básicos, afrontar retos más complicados o estudiar en un punto intermedio. Estudiar de forma continua en el nivel más adecuado permite al alumno avanzar a su propio ritmo y llegar a dominar conceptos que superan su nivel escolar.

El orientador determina el nivel al que debe trabajar cada alumno en función de su capacidad y de sus conocimientos. El alumno empieza en un nivel de Kumon en el que se siente cómodo para ayudarlo a adquirir confianza, concentración y un buen ritmo de trabajo antes de avanzar a un nivel superior. Resolver tareas del nivel adecuado permite al alumno mantenerse motivado y creer en su propia capacidad, por lo que desarrolla una actitud positiva ante el estudio.

Aprendizaje autodidacta

En los programas de Kumon se da una gran importancia al aprendizaje autónomo, por lo que se anima a los alumnos a descubrir cómo resolver los ejercicios por sí mismos. En Kumon, tenemos la convicción de que, al preparar a los alumnos para que aprendan de forma proactiva y desarrollen una gran capacidad académica, tendrán más posibilidades para alcanzar sus metas y aspiraciones a corto y largo plazo.

Al introducir conceptos nuevos, las hojas de estudio presentan ejemplos de respuesta que ayudan a los alumnos a deducir por sí mismos el procedimiento correcto y  a aplicarlo a otros ejercicios parecidos para familiarizarse cada vez más con ellos. Los orientadores no responden inmediatamente las preguntas de sus alumnos, sino que los orientan cuidadosamente para que detecten los puntos fundamentales de las preguntas y reflexionen sobre la información que se incluye en la hoja de estudio. En definitiva, los animan a resolver los ejercicios por sí mismos. Superar cada reto de forma autónoma genera en los alumnos una enorme sensación de satisfacción y un gran entusiasmo, por lo que se mantienen motivados para seguir aprendiendo.

Hojas de estudio paso a paso

Las hojas de estudio de Kumon están pensadas para conducir a los alumnos desde los ejercicios más sencillos hasta los más complejos con pasos muy pequeños, es decir, aumentando la dificultad de forma progresiva. Esto permite a cada alumno desarrollar sus habilidades gradualmente estudiando en el nivel adecuado y avanzando con fluidez en el programa. Aumentar la dificultad con pequeños pasos facilita que los alumnos logren resolver sus hojas de estudio de forma autónoma y mejorar sus habilidades para aprender por sí mismos.

Algunos alumnos tienen capacidad para asimilar los conceptos muy deprisa y avanzan al siguiente nivel una vez que han afianzado esos conocimientos y han mejorado en sus objetivos particulares. Aquellos que necesitan más tiempo para consolidar un tema concreto pueden estudiarlo a fondo hasta que lo dominen. Así se garantiza que el ritmo de aprendizaje es el adecuado para todos los alumnos, que adquieren una base sólida y que tienen una experiencia de aprendizaje positiva. Las hojas de estudio se revisan continuamente, pues aprendemos tanto de los alumnos como de los orientadores para hacer que nuestros programas sean cada vez más eficaces.

Orientador de Kumon

El orientador de Kumon se centra en desarrollar el potencial de cada niño. Presta especial atención a la capacidad académica de cada alumno, a su personalidad y a la forma en que estudia y resuelve los ejercicios de las hojas de estudio. Observa su forma de trabajar sin interrumpirlo para ver cómo afronta sus tareas y si está motivado y seguro al abordarlas. En función de lo que observa, el orientador plantea objetivos concretos a cada alumno y le da el apoyo necesario para asegurarse de que trabaja al nivel más adecuado.

Cuando el alumno se topa con ejercicios que no puede resolver, el orientador le hace preguntas para saber cuál es su nivel de comprensión y le da pistas y ejemplos para ayudarlo a resolver los ejercicios por sí mismo. El orientador de Kumon colabora estrechamente con las familias para ayudar a todos los niños a ser alumnos competentes y responsables en sus estudios. Valora los avances de cada alumno sin compararlo con los demás para que se sienta orgulloso y motivado.

 

Saber más acerca del método Kumon

[Enlace externo al sitio web del grupo Kumon]

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Nuestros alumnos

En Kumon, fomentamos la autonomía y la confianza de los alumnos, por lo que alcanzan el éxito tanto dentro como fuera de las aulas.

Hemos recopilado varias historias de alumnos que han finalizado alguno de nuestros programas de aprendizaje. Descubre cómo el método Kumon los ha ayudado a alcanzar sus metas.

Ver más

Gonzalo y Miguel empezaron con Kumon Lectura cuando tenían 4 años. Hoy en día, tienen 10 y 12 años respectivamente y han logrado concluir el programa estando en primaria. Además, han desarrollado un nivel de comprensión lectora de primer año de universidad y en Kumon Matemáticas y Kumon English estudian contenidos avanzados por encima de su curso escolar.

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Los hermanos Márquez empezaron Kumon Matemáticas con 9 y 7 años. Hoy, 5 años después, resuelven funciones trigonométricas y polinómicas y trabajan contenidos tres años por encima de su nivel escolar.

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¿Qué es el método Kumon?

  • INICIO
  • Método kumon


Kumon es una metodología que busca incentivar en el niño la autonomía a la hora de estudiar buscando fortalecer el potencial de aprendizaje de cada uno.



Por medio de un proceso de aprendizaje planeado e individualizado, el alumno se siente confiado y capaz de enfrentar por sí mismo el desafío de la conquista del conocimiento.


Preocupado en desarrollar la capacidad de su hijo, Toru Kumon preparó su propio material didáctico y método de estudio. Elaboró ejercicios de cálculo en hojas sueltas de papel y las combinó con un método de autoestudio que permitió a su hijo, Takeshi, avanzar por sí mismo.

Esos fueron los cimientos del método Kumon. Abordaje individual de acuerdo con la capacidad del niño,
además de potenciar otras habilidades cognitivas que servirían para toda la vida.



EL MÉTODO KUMON
Y SUS PUNTOS FUERTES


método kumon


ESTUDIO EN CASA


ORIENTACIÓN INDIVIDUALIZADA


ESTUDIO AUTODIDACTA


MATERIAL DIDÁCTICO


APOYO DEL ORIENTADOR


1
Enseñanza Individualizada

El método Kumon no se limita a la edad o grado escolar. En Kumon, cada alumno estudia desde el punto más adecuado a su capacidad, pudiendo avanzar más allá de los contenidos de su grado escolar.


2

Aprendizaje Autodidacta


Lo que se valora es la capacidad de aprender por sí mismo. El alumno estudia
leyendo, pensando, resolviendo el material con sus propias fuerzas, avanzando por medio del estudio autodidacta.


3
Material Didáctico

Exclusivo y autoinstructivo, el material didáctico de Kumon posee contenido adecuado a las capacidades individuales del alumno, que será estimulado a resolver por sí mismo los ejercicios, reflexionando sobre los
cuestionamientos usando como base su propio conocimiento.


4
Orientadores

El orientador observa las habilidades académicas, la personalidad y el sentimiento de cada alumno para ofrecerles el plan de estudio más adecuado a cada uno.


5
Pasión por aprender

Estimulamos a nuestros alumnos para que siempre busquen nuevas formas de aprender y de profundizar en los asuntos, incluso fuera de los temas que abordamos.


6
Un paso adelante

El método Kumon aumenta las habilidades de los niños para que siempre estén avanzados en relación al contenido escolar.


7
Más que aprender

Kumon tiene como objetivo formar individuos que desarrollen sus propias habilidades cognitivas, con gran poder de razonamiento, capacitados para enfrentar desafíos y tomar decisiones importantes en la vida.

Testimonios



Santiago tiene 7 años y le interesó estudiar Kumon porque su hermano ya lo hacía. Quería aprender lo mismo que su heramno estudiaba: ¡fracciones y derivadas! Según su mamá, Kumon es la medicina para el déficit de la educación que sufren muchos chicos.


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A Simón, de 5 años, le encanta leer y estudia matemáticas y lengua. Siempre fue disperso y bastante juguetón, pero en Kumon adquirió bastante concentración y su mamá comenta que fue el cambio más importante.


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Valentina y Guadalupe son hermanas y tienen 7 y 11 años respectivamente. Ellas han aprendido a organizarse y hacen sus tareas, tanto del colegio como las de Kumon, sin que su mamá deba decirles nada. Para el papá, Kumon les muestra que con dedicación y esfuerzo todo es posible.


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Learning Japanese: it’s Kumon, baby — magazine

Image: www.ranok.com.ua

How can half an hour a day make a child skillful and knowledgeable? Why is the Japanese technique, which is more than half a century old, only now becoming popular? Why is she so critically acclaimed in the US and so many fans in Europe? Irina Soroka, a teacher who practices this form of work, talks about this and other things.

When it comes to franchising, opening new outlets of well-known brands, it usually refers to fast food restaurants and casinos. And only one school is in the world rankings for this indicator right behind McDonald’s – Kumon. Now at 49There are many such educational centers in the countries where more than 4 million children study. Why such a boom?

In 1954, the math teacher Toru Kumon decided to help his little son with arithmetic, who received a deuce. He gave small assignments every evening, and when he successfully mastered the material, he complicated them a little. So the boy, doing an additional 20 minutes a day, overtook his peers and in the 6th grade he was already solving differential equations. Therefore, the parents of classmates asked Toru Kumon to teach their children too.

In Japan, this story is told a little differently: as a child, Tohru himself studied poorly. After elementary school, he was sent to a private school, where much more was demanded of students. The boy was threatened with a second year, so he independently caught up with the program. Then he helped other students, and he liked it so much that he became a teacher. And only then he handed over to his son those pages with tasks that he came up with in childhood for himself.

In the 1970s, Kumon math classes became popular throughout Japan, especially after the release of the best-selling Kumon Mathematics Mystery. At the same time, the first centers appeared in the United States, mainly for Japanese emigrants. This method became fashionable among Americans at 19In the 90s, when Time magazine wrote about an experiment: one of the schools in the United States, in which there were many lagging students, used this system for a year. The grades improved by an average of 5%, the speed of completing assignments doubled, and most importantly, the students fell in love with mathematics.

Why did the boom start right now? The fact is that only mathematics and, in some countries, languages ​​were taught according to this principle. But in Japan, more than 40 years ago, they developed a multilateral system of early training for children from two years old (“baby Kumon”). It became known in the USA and Great Britain only 6 years ago. And the technique reached Ukraine only 2-3 years ago. In 2016, workbooks appeared according to the Kumon method, translated into Ukrainian.

Uschool, a private educational institution in the capital, uses this technique, because they consider it very effective and attractive for children. In the Kiev children’s institution “Apelsin” they also work with Kumon workbooks. It is interesting that in both schools this technique is combined with the Montessori method. Experts say that this is not an accident: both approaches provide for the independence of the student and respect for his choice.


The main “trick” of the method is worksheets with tasks that children are able to cope with on their own with a little support from adults. Why sheets? So that the child does not rush, does not “jump” the steps and gradually develops the skill.

The first tasks are so elementary that it would not even occur to adults that they should start with this. Each next increases the level of difficulty. There are about 40 tasks in one workbook. There may be 1-3 notebooks per year. Half an hour a day gives a result if the classes are daily (except for two days off a week).

It would seem that all these things have long been known. Any development manual contains just such tasks. So what’s the secret? Firstly, they begin to instill skills according to Kumon already from toddler age. Two-year-old children are offered to learn how to make origami, draw, cut with scissors and glue. The maximum that, according to the norms of age development, is expected from children at 24 months: make a pyramid of 5 rings and build a tower of 8 cubes.

Secondly, it is unrealistic to force such kids to study. Only keen curiosity and pleasure from the process can keep. And Kumon turns every task into a bright game. For example, not to learn how to cut with scissors in a straight line – but to “free” the paws of a teddy bear, with whom you can hug (bend limbs) or teach a clown to dangle legs.

And thirdly, the tasks provide such a sequence that after several attempts the child will certainly achieve success, moving from level to level. For example, when he learns to glue, glue is out of the question for a very long time. Instead, stickers are offered so that the child learns to apply them accurately without leaving a white space. Ice cream balls in the first lessons can be glued as you like, but circles will have to be applied correctly to an apple with a “hole”. And only then do they learn to lubricate the element with glue.

The “Let’s draw” notebook begins with the task “Put ketchup on an omelette”, that is, just draw with a red pencil. But “Make hair for a boy” is already vertical strokes. Sketching begins with a small circle in a ball or tomato. In the first origami notebook, they are taught to fold along the line – bend towards themselves and away from themselves, getting the image of a bunny that plays peek-a-boo and a dog that gnaws a bone.

Separate notebooks have been developed for children: lines and labyrinths, the purpose of which is to prepare the hand for writing in an interesting way, to teach how to draw precise lines, change the slope, adjust the pressure of a pencil or pen. To make the kid want to do it again and again, the most diverse labyrinths are prepared. For example, 3D labyrinths with three-dimensional figures – a hare is looking for a mother among “real” stumps, a kitten has to bypass photographically accurate puddles, pits, bushes and fallen trees, and then we have to guide the boy through a realistic city.

Labyrinths attract older students with interesting schemes: you have to pass between the outlines of famous sculptures and architectural masterpieces, vintage cars and modern cars. Number games are coloring by numbers and connecting numbers to get a silhouette. Counting is taught by circling numbers and corresponding sets, finding them in turn.

Exercises in logic begin with the fact that a blurry figure is asked to be connected with the same, but with clear outlines, finding it among others. Then the figure is already in a different angle. Then they learn to combine milk with milk in a glass, bottle or bag, cubs with mothers, etc.

Creativity begins to develop with tracing a funny muzzle along the barely noticeable lines. In the next version, it no longer has eyes and a mouth, they should be drawn independently. Subsequently, the child is offered to add mustaches, beards, eyebrows, patterns on clothes, etc. to bright portraits.

There are many levels and sublevels in the Kumon method, for each child he receives a certificate – this also motivates. At the same time, it is advised to engage in no more than three areas, and this is 1-1.5 hours a day. Additionally, you can only schedule reading for the night: there is a series of “Good night, month.” There is the same principle: poems and fairy tales gradually become more complex, texts become large and require an increasingly rich vocabulary.

With this kind of training, everyone gets recognition for success, even after many attempts. If the child performs the tasks very ineptly, the authors advise copying the sheet with the exercises, printing it 3-5 times and giving it until it turns out more or less correctly. Mastery is based on speed and accuracy. But parents are advised to spend no more than 10 minutes a day on tasks – in the role of a consultant.

The main advice for moms and dads: don’t interfere in the process, don’t say: “You’re doing it wrong.” It is only worth saying at the end of the work that there is an error and offering to look for it. The student must independently analyze the results – this is another important habit that he must master. And be sure to praise the child for the effort.


Each age has its own tasks. Let’s say, at the age of 4-6 we “write and erase the alphabet”, we study rhymes, hours, the basics of science (47 tasks in biology, geography, astronomy and physics). And at 8-10 years old, students learn fractions, multiplication and division, aphorisms, financial literacy, make 3D figures out of paper (for example, various dinosaurs).

There are 22 levels in mathematics. At the latter, statistics and probability theory are taught, and differential equations are solved a little earlier. In the United States, one of the reasons that the Kumon method is criticized is that in high school, the mathematics program is much simpler than what the Japanese offer to teach. But in Ukraine, even after unloading the school curriculum, the topics are close to those of Kumonov. For example, we study fractions at 9-10 years, and in the USA – in the 6th grade. In addition, in America, such programs are usually given in out-of-school centers, where they pay $ 300 per hour of consultation and testing. Of course, in order to receive a certificate for paid funds, parents, despite the advice of experts, force their children to study, even if they do not want to.

In Ukraine, the situation is the opposite: parents either teach their children at home using “Kumon” notebooks, or even print pirated copies from the Internet.

And what can Kumon teach those who do not want to learn from classical materials? You can take the principle itself: take care of the little things, give tasks that the baby will definitely cope with, practice daily and constantly improve the level. This is the secret to success, whatever skill you master.

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    KUMON principles. Independent work | ABOUT KUMON

    Here we are all talking about the KUMON method, but we mean by it everything is somehow more than a notebook. Meanwhile, KUMON is really a methodology, methods, approaches and principles of teaching that must be followed in order to work with notebooks to bring maximum benefit.

    Today I want to talk about one of these principles – guideline for self-education of the child .

    On Russian KUMON forums, unfortunately, I often read phrases like “KUMON is the best way to give yourself half an hour of free time”, “I gave KUMON a notebook and went about my business”, “Buy KUMON – get the opportunity not to take care of your child for half an hour” .

    Here – self-study on KUMON is not at all about a child abandoned alone with a notebook, NOT about mom’s free time and Not about the opportunity to take a child while mom hangs out somewhere in mom chat.

    … One of the first things that surprised me the most at my American university was that at the beginning of the semester we were given all the homework for the whole semester at once, and my classmates immediately rushed to do it. By the middle of the semester, most of them had done all the work.

    It’s like in Russia: first they teach you – they teach you, only then there are all sorts of seminars, tests. Who would ever think of doing homework on the material that has not been passed? I haven’t been taught this yet!

    And if you are at school, you can also say: “Oh, I don’t know that – I was on sick leave when they passed.” And it’s ok, you can easily get away with it, and they will also regret it.

    Then we wait to be taught at the institute… we sit at work and wait to be taught how to work… while our self-taught colleagues learn how to work and make amazing careers…

    The ability to self-learn is the most important factor in competitiveness in our time.

    Looking at a two-year-old baby, it seems that it is too early to think about it, but meanwhile the ability to self-learning is laid in early childhood, and the sooner we teach the child to self-learning himself and responsibility for results, the easier it will be for him at first in the first class, then freshman year and first job.

    KUMON makes the development of self-learning abilities one of its main tasks. Self-learning is understood as the child’s ability to realize their educational tasks and independently solve them.

    What KUMON does to develop self-learning

    First . Notebooks do not provide that the mother sits down and begins to teach the child what and how to do now in the task. On the contrary, the first tasks of each type are so simple and intuitive that they can just be taken and done.

    The level of difficulty of each next task increases literally by one tiny step. When the child completes the first very simple task, in the next task he will figure out what exactly and how to do it.

    Why:

    • Teach your child to independently, without prompting, figure out what exactly needs to be done – the first steps towards developing an important decision-making skill in the face of uncertainty
    • known algorithms of actions into those actions that are needed at the moment
    • Teach yourself to set tasks for yourself and solve them.

    When it works:

    • Only with the right level of difficulty (there is another KUMON principle about this – “the right level of difficulty”, I will tell you more in a separate post)
    • With the right work of a mother with a child – about this below

    Second . At the end of the notebook there is a certificate that is given to the child after completing the course.

    Why :

    • Of course, in the form of a well-deserved reward and incentive for further victories
    • Teach the child to see a big goal and strive for it

    When it works:

    • The child must know in advance, at the beginning of the course, that he will receive this certificate at the end
    • Presenting the certificate should be a special, solemn moment – with the audience and public triumph, and not just cut off and give out
    • Children are not yet able to evaluate their progress in the form of “I wrote crookedly – now I write smoothly”. Therefore, one should not underestimate the importance of a beautiful folder for certificates – it is by leafing through certificates in it that a child can appreciate how much he has already achieved.

    What you can do to improve your child’s self-learning skills

    1. Show your child the certificate at the beginning of the course. Tell us that this is an award and an honorary document, indicating that the child has become a little older and wiser.

    2. Mom tears off a sheet from a notebook and gives it to the child. When performing the first (of the same type) tasks, first invite the child to guess what exactly needs to be done here. If you don’t guess right, tell me the first time. You need to make sure that the child understands what is required of him. It is especially important to control the understanding of tasks at the beginning of mastering Kumon notebooks, because even if you have already studied from some books, some KUMON tasks are not like anything – sometimes it’s even difficult for mom to enter from the first time what needs to be done.

    3. While the child is doing the task, the mother sits and does not interfere. This, of course, is not about potentially dangerous situations with piercing eyes with a pen or cutting off fingers with scissors. But, if the matter is in difficulty, he thinks over the solution for a long time, the line came out crooked, etc. – Mom restrains impulses to help and watches. Sometimes it is unbearable, hands reach out to do everything smoothly, immediately prompt, fix everything. We grit our teeth and endure until the task is completed completely.

    4. Suppose a child could not stand it and asked for help. Help is also needed. Kumon often uses the phrase “spoon-feed the answers to problems.” So, you don’t need to spoon-feed – it’s better to tell me the algorithm for completing the task. For example, a child does not know what number to write. Ask what he wrote on the last sheet in the same situation, or ask him to count from – to. Later I will publish reviews of books – there I will give specifics on how to help in this or that case.

    5. A few days after the start of classes, when you see that the child is generally confident in completing tasks, try giving a task and turning away or going to the other side of the room with the words “make me a surprise” or “I trust you to do your own work” . Just don’t go far – see the result of each page, and not the entire sheet.

    6. So, the child coped with the task. Let’s say everything turned out right – then we praise. I’m a supporter of praises for every little garbage. That is, a well-executed new task is immediately enthusiastically photographed and sent to all grandparents, the child is showered with compliments. See for yourself how emotionally you are capable of doing this, but in any case, you need to praise a lot and sincerely.

    7. Suppose a child has made a mistake – or even more than one. Fix or not? Praise or not? Definitely praise in any case – after all, he tried very hard. But after a portion of praises

    a. Toddlers 2-3.5 years old, in my opinion, do not need to talk about mistakes at all. Each new line, each new step for them is super-efforts that require inhuman labor, but critical thinking is completely absent at this age. He will not understand yet about the mistake, but he will forever remember how he tried, and his mother destroyed all efforts with one remark.

    b. In the case of older children, you can already use the phrase “You did everything very cool, but, you know, something seems to be missing. What do you think?” As a rule, children react normally to such a phrase and are not offended. But if he can’t find the mistake, even if mom showed the place on the page where exactly to look for it, don’t insist, put it off, don’t fix it right now. Return to this sheet at the end of the lesson, and then show what is wrong. But in general, I don’t always tell an older 5-year-old about a mistake either, especially if the task was new or large resources were obviously expended for execution.

    Do you think how he will learn, if not to talk about mistakes? I don’t know how it works, but at some point, for some reason, they really begin to do it right on their own. Some kind of focus.

    8. So, it’s time for a new leaf. If the task is the same as the previous one, but with a higher level of difficulty, give the child a new sheet with the words “Do you remember what to do in this task? Are you okay?” Get confirmation from the child that he remembers and understands what needs to be done. And if you don’t understand, ask them to tell you in detail what they just did in the previous task. Ask if this task is similar to the previous one. Most likely, in the process of talking about the previous task, the child himself will guess what needs to be done this time. If you still don’t, don’t torment me anymore and explain again this time. But still, keep practicing the skill of guessing the problem next and next time.

    Special remark for mothers of toddlers 2+

    It is quite obvious that not everyone will be able to develop independence in the described way at this age. Don’t worry, keep on offering independence: even if the child can’t cope on his own yet, he will already remember that “on his own” is good, this is the preferred and expected behavior from him.

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