Existen varias razones para elegir el nombre para tu bebé en turco: son cortos, poco comunes y lo más importante tienen un significado hermoso y lleno de poder.
Si estás buscando un nombre para varoncito las siguientes opciones van a inspirarte, además suenan muy bien con apellidos en español, ¿qué más puedes pedir?
Para que tu elección sea más sencilla revisa detalladamente el significado de cada uno de estos nombres. Recuerda que el elegido acompañará toda la vida ese pequeño ser que está por llegar.
El varoncito que es llamado Acar está destinado al éxito, ya que en turco significa «brillante» o «luminoso». Es imposible solucionarle la vida a tu pequeño, pero puedes darle un nombre que llene de luz su camino.
Se dice que los niños que son llamados Adem son seguros, entusiastas y de gran voluntad, por ello están destinados a emprender proyectos originales y llenos de creatividad.
Algunos padres deciden llamar a su bebé Aslan porque lo consideran el rey de su vida. En Turco se traduce como «león» y, probablemente, te recuerde la película de Narnia.
Si quieres que tu hijo luche siempre por sus sueños y nada lo limite, esta opción es ideal para él, significa «libertad» y «valentía». Adicionalmente, queda muy bien con apellidos en español.
Se dice que su traducción al turco se relaciona con la nobleza y la bondad. Si deseas que tu pequeño sea un varoncito que recuerde siempre los valores familiares y sea compasivo, ya sabes cómo nombrarlo.
Doruk representa para los originarios de Turquía «la cima de la montaña», no hace falta decirte que estos pequeños pueden ser los líderes del mañana, un nombre lleno de poder y responsabilidad.
Tan original como inolvidable. Habbab, esconde un significado hermoso, lo traducen como «amoroso» y «amigable».
¿Crees que queda bien con tu apellido?
Se dice que estos niños están destinados a ser grandes guerreros dado que su nombre quiere decir «hombre fuerte». Asimismo, es poco común entre la comunidad latina, una razón más para elegirlo.
Suena fuerte e imponente. Ruzgar, se encuentra relacionado con la naturaleza y la fuerza del viento, si bien se dice que es unisex, es mayormente utilizado en varones.
Algunos dicen que su verdadera raíz es árabe, aunque lo más importante es su significado que se traduce como «pacífico». Llena la vida de tu pequeño de paz con este nombre.
Estos 10 nombres son hermosos, sólo hace falta que elijas el quede mejor con tu apellido y el de papá. Cada día falta menos para conocer a ese nuevo integrante de la familia.
¿Te gusta alguno de estos nombres? ¿Cuál es tu favorito? Cuéntanos en los comentarios.
Las películas conmovedoras son perfectas para una tarde lluviosa.
Da clic en la imagen para ver Lo que de verdad importa en VIX cine y tv gratis.
También te puede interesar:
Sin comentarios
Suscríbete a Bebés y más
Karmen Pascual
@@aylakarmela
Si estás buscando ideas de nombres diferentes para tu bebé, los de origen turco pueden ser una buena opción, sobre todo si te gustan cortos. Además, evocan sonidos sugerentes, muy distintos a los de la lengua castellana y contienen hermosos significados que, en el caso de los niños, aluden a cualidades y valores morales, emociones y animales.
Aquí tienes 149 nombres turcos de niño para tu bebé, para que elijas.
Abi: se puede traducir como “hermano mayor”.
Acar/Akar: “brillante” o “la corriente fluye”.
Adem: versión turca de Adán, el nombre del primer hombre.
Ahmed: viene de Ahmad, nombre de tres sultanes otomanos. Quiere decir “digno de alabanza”.
Ali: de origen árabe, significa “elevado”.
Alp: “héroe”.
Altan: evoca al “rojo amanecer”.
Asil: “noble desde el nacimiento”.
Aslan: “león”. Es uno de sus más emblemáticos personajes de Narnia.
Atilla: nombre del popular guerrero huno Atila, y que puede ser traducido como diminutivo de “padre”.
Aydın: “iluminado”, “inteligente”.
Azad: hace referencia a un hombre “libre”.
Azize: “poderoso”.
Bahadir: “héroe” o “guerrero”, “valiente”.
Baris: “paz”.
Bekir: “primogénito”.
Berk/ Berker: “sólido”, “fuerte” o “firme”.
Berat: “tranparente”, “brillante”.
Bilge: nombre unisex, significa “sabio”.
Bora: “huracán”.
Bülent: “alto” y “poderoso”.
Bulut: “nube”.
Burak: viene de Barar, nombre de la mitología árabe, y puede traducirse como “rayo”.
Cahil: “ingenuo” o “joven”.
Can: representa al “alma” o la “vida”.
Candan: “sincero”.
Cem: “gobernante”.
Cemal: “belleza”.
Cemil: “bondad”.
Cihan: nombre unisex que significa “mundo” o “universo”.
Deniz: nombre unisex, evoca al “mar”.
Derya: nombre unisex, significa “océano”.
Devrim: “revolución”.
Doruk: “cima de la montaña”.
Duygu: nombre unisex, significa “emoción”.
Ediz: “ser alto” o “estar en la altura”.
Ekrem: la persona “más generosa”, magnánimo.
Elvan: nombre unisex, significa “colores”.
Emin: “digno de confianza”.
Emir: deriva del apelativo árabe Amir, y significa “príncipe”.
Emirhan: nace de combinar ‘Emir’ (príncipe) con ‘han’ (líder).
Emre: “amigo”, “hermano”.
Engin: “grande”.
Enver: “resplandor”, “brillante”.
Ercan: “genuino”.
Erdem: “virtud”.
Erdogan: “halcón”.
Eren: “santo”.
Erkin: “libertad”.
Erol: “valiente”.
Esat: “feliz”.
Eser: nombre unisex, significa “logro”.
Evren: nombre unisex, significa “el universo”.
Eymen: significa “afortunado”, “auspicioso” o “bendecido”.
Fahri: de origen árabe, hace referencia a la “voluntad”.
Faruk: Nombre de origen turco que significa “capaz de distinguir el bien del mal”, “separa lo correcto y lo conectado”.
Fatih: del árabe ‘Fathi’, simboliza la “victoria”.
Ferhan: alegre”, “espacioso”, “satisfecho”.
Ferit: “único”.
Fuat: del árabe ‘Fuad’, significa “corazón”.
Galip: “vencedor”.
Goker: “hombre del cielo”.
Habbab: “amoroso”, “querido amigo”.
Hakan: “emperador”.
Halil: “amigo cercano”.
Halim: “suave”.
Haluk: “bondad”.
Harun: variante árabe y turca de “Aarón”.
Hasan: viene de la palabra árabe ‘hasuna’, que significa “apuesto”.
Haul: “sol”.
Hayati: “vital”.
Haydar: alternativa de “Haidar”, que significa “león”.
Hayri: “hombre útil”.
Hikmet: viene de ‘Hikmat’ y hace alusión a la “sabiduría”.
Huseyin: variante turca del apelativo árabe Husayn. Se refiere a un hombre “bueno y hermoso”.
Husnu: de origen árabe significa “excelente”.
Ibrahim: variante de Abraham, “padre del pueblo”.
Ihsan: se traduce como “bondad”, igual que ‘Haluk’.
Ilhami: “inspiración”.
Ilhan: “gobernante”, “emperador”.
Ilkay: nombre unisex, significa “luna nueva”.
Ilkin: “primero”.
Irfan: “gratitud”, “sabio”.
Isa: versión turca de Jesús, “salvación”.
Iskender/Iskander: variante de Alexander, “protector del pueblo”.
Ismail: variante de Ismael, “Dios ha escuchado”.
Ismet: “honor”.
Izzet: “gloria”.
Kadir: “fuerte”.
Kadri: “valor”.
Kaan: “jefe” o “rey”.
Kahraman: “héroe”.
Kemal: variante de Kamal, significa “maduro”.
Kerem: “noble”, “amable”.
Khan: “príncipe”.
Kiral: “líder supremo, rey”.
Kundret: “energía” o “fuerza”.
Kuzey: referencia al “norte”.
Levent: “guapo”.
Mavi: “azul”.
Mazhar: “honrado”.
Mert: “valiente”.
Mesut: de origen árabe, se traduce como “afortunado”, “feliz”.
Metin: “fuerte”.
Murat: “deseo”.
Nur: este nombre unisex de origen árabe, significa “luz”.
Onan: “próspero”.
Onur: “honor”.
Orhan: “grande”.
Osman: así se llamaba el fundador del imperio otomano y significa “amigo de Mahoma”, “jefe”.
Ozan: “poeta”.
Özgür: nombre unisex, significa “libre”.
Ruslam: “león”.
Ruzgar: nombre unisex que significa “viento”.
Sahin: de origen persa, es el nombre de un tipo de halcón.
Sedat: “justo”.
Sehzade: “rey”.
Selim: “seguro”.
Semih: “generoso”.
Serdar: “comandante”.
Serhan: “líder superior”.
Sevilin: “amado”.
Sukri: de origen africano, significa “agradecido”.
Suleyman: variante del rey bíblico Salomón, significa “pacífico”.
Tahir: “virtuoso”.
Talat: “rocío”.
Taner: “nacido en la madrugada”.
Tarkan: “valiente”, “fuerte”.
Tarık: “el que llama a la puerta”.
Taylan: “alto”.
Tayyip: “agradable”.
Toygar: “alondra”.
Tuncay: “luna de bronce”.
Tuktu: nombre unisex, significa “pasión”.
Ufuk: “horizonte”.
Ugur: “buen augurio”.
Ulvi: “alto” o “exaltado”.
Ümit/ Umut: nombre unisex, significa “esperanza”.
Vahit: variante del árabe “Wahid, significa “único”.
Volkan: “volcán”.
Yagmur: nombre unisex, hace referncia a la “lluvia”.
Yakin: “cercano”.
Yigit: “valiente”.
Yilmaz: “intrépido”.
Yucel/Yurcel: “sublime”.
Yunus: viene de de Jonás que en hebreo representa a una “paloma”.
Yusuf: el equivalente turco de José.
Zeheb: “oro”.
Zeki: “inteligente”.
Fotos | Marvel Mozhko en Pixabay
101 nombres egipcios para niño con bonitos significados
Nombres de bebé: 25 nombres bíblicos para niño
91 nombres para niño de grandes hombres de la historia
101 nombres de bebé poco comunes para niños con mucha personalidad
Compartir
149 nombres turcos de niño para tu bebé con los más hermosos sonidos y significados
Temas
Photo credit: leemage/AFP/EASTNEWS
Ottomanization, as you know, is not Turkification – it is, as we would say now, the renovation of the French capital in 1853-1870, and Baron Haussmann who carried it out was not a Turk.
But even if he were a Turk and led the army of the Ottoman Empire, and she miraculously captured Paris, he would not have caused the city more destruction than those that he had caused when he was a prefect. Which, however, does not prevent Parisians and guests of the French capital from loving the city he built.
ALEXANDER BELENKII
Strictly speaking, such a play on words is possible only in Russian due to the French pronunciation of German surnames. Georges-Eugène Haussmann was born in Paris, but was a descendant of Protestants from the ever-changing hands of Alsace (so what was done to Paris can be seen as revenge for St. Bartholomew’s night). The common German surname Haussmann would have been read as Haussmann in Germany, but in France they made Haussmann out of him. However, before moving on to the protagonist of the history of Paris in the third quarter of the 19th century, a few words must be said about his patron – Osman remained only a servant, though a diligent and diligent servant.
In 1848, the last, already constitutional, French king, Louis-Philippe, was overthrown. After that, France got a little tired of revolutions, and revolutions got tired of France. Everyone wanted order, and they associated order with strong power.
This led to the fact that in the elections of December 10, 1848, 75 percent voted for the election of forty-year-old Charles-Louis Napoleon Bonaparte, the nephew of the great emperor, as president. He, of course, swore and swore that he would be faithful to the republic and the constitution.
Neither he nor those who supported him really meant anything like that. On December 2, 1851, on the anniversary of Austerlitz, the new Napoleon dispersed the National Assembly and carried out a coup d’état. A referendum was immediately held, during which almost 7.5 million voted for an increase in the presidential term from four to ten years and for the expansion of presidential powers. Less than 650,000 voted against.
The result of the referendum was a clear signal that the people are not against a tougher government.
If the new Napoleon, whom in the near future Bismarck – deservedly – will call a big, but not yet recognized nonentity, what he knew how to do, it was to catch the mood. He caught them. This resulted in the fact that in the next year, 1852, another referendum was held, which became a logical continuation of the first. The question posed at it was: “Do you support the ratification of the Constitution of the Empire established by Senate decree?”
The idea of the return of the empire turned out to be super popular. More than 7.8 million voters voted for it, and only a little more than 250 thousand voted against. People quickly got fed up with relative democracy and wanted a strong hand.
After 18 years, when their country shamefully loses the Franco-Prussian War, and the emperor himself, who went down in history as Napoleon III, is captured, people will find out who they chose as their master and will try to forget about him, as if they did not support him.
Meanwhile, everything was clear with the future Third Napoleon since 1836, when he made such an idiotic attempt at a coup d’état that Louis Philippe forgave him like a fool and sent him into exile. In 1840, Charles Louis tried again and this time thundered for six years, after which he left France. During his travels, Napoleon visited London, which completely fascinated him with the correctness of building, straight and wide streets and scale – all this, oddly enough, is most directly related to the history of Paris.
Photo: DeAgostini / DIOMEDIA
The fact is that London, unlike most European capitals, was not in its structure a medieval city laid – let’s use Le Corbusier’s definition – “along the paths of donkeys.” The great fire of 1666 destroyed that city, after which it was actually rebuilt in a completely “industrial” style.
Like many not exactly small, but “small” people who were elevated to the top, Napoleon III raved about grandiose projects, and, as soon as he came to power, he launched two of them at once: in foreign policy it was the Crimean War (here, however, not there were no other actors like Nicholas I), and in France itself – a radical redevelopment of Paris, in fact, the construction of a new city in place of the old one. Moreover, it can be said that without the first, the second would not have been on a full scale. Just emotional gunpowder would not be enough.
Photo: Lanmas / Alamy / DIOMEDIA
France and Napoleon III had no particular reason to get involved in a war with Russia. The butting of the parties for control of Christian holy sites in Palestine should not be overestimated. It played some role, like the conscious insult inflicted by Nicholas I on Napoleon III, whom, contrary to etiquette, the Russian sovereign called not his brother, as the monarch of the monarch, but a friend, but not decisive.
There were other factors, but France would hardly have entered the war, taking place God knows where, God knows what for, if it were not for the desire to take revenge for 1812, which was quite popular among the people. What is Crimea to the French? What are the French to Crimea?
The victory of the allies, among which was France, by the way, which suffered the greatest losses, allowed the little Napoleon to soar. After all, he achieved what even the great Napoleon could not achieve: he defeated Russia. And that not one and not so much won, so who will go into such details?
Now Paris could be tackled with renewed vigor. Strictly speaking, redevelopment began as early as 1853, but after the victory, things were put on a different track.
When authoritarian rulers are always zealous executors of their will. Moreover, they do not perform it under pressure, they themselves sincerely light up, and, at first alien to them, the idea becomes the work of their whole life.
Approximately such under Napoleon III was Georges-Eugène Haussmann, who preferred to call himself “Baron Haussmann”, although he did not officially receive the title.
During the reign of Louis Philippe and the early years of the presidency of Louis Napoleon, Haussmann had a fairly successful administrative career. His last positions before his meteoric rise were prefect, first in the department of Var and then in the department of Yonne. Not the highest posts in not the most significant places.
Photo: Bibliotheque nationale de France
However, the new time required new people. From the very beginning of his presidency, Louis Napoleon kept his eyes on Paris, which he wanted to make London out of. Alas, Jean-Jacques Berger, prefect of the department of the Seine, somehow sluggishly put the plans of the future emperor into practice, and they began to look for a replacement for him.
The search was taken up by the most devoted person, the Minister of the Interior, Victor de Persigny, who conducted “interviews” with the prefects of various departments and many other candidates. The strongest impression on him was initially made by Osman, who was not at all among the favorites. Persigny gave him a characterization that makes sense to quote in full, it is so comprehensive and eloquent:
“Monsieur Haussmann made the strongest impression on me of all. Strange, but more than his talents and wonderful mind, I liked the flaws in his character. Before me stood one of the most unusual people of our time: large, strong, energetic, full of energy and at the same time smart, quirky and very resourceful. This cheeky man was not afraid to show what he was. He told me about all the achievements in his administrative career, without missing a single detail. He could talk non-stop for six hours, since this (probably referring to urban planning) was his favorite topic. To be honest, I liked it.
It seemed to me that he was just the man I needed to fight the notions and prejudices of an entire school of economists, against people who shied away from work and skeptics who came from the stock exchange, against those who used in the fight not the best honest methods. Yes, he was exactly what I needed. In a situation in which a higher-minded gentleman with a direct and noble character fails, this energized athlete, full of audacity and at the same time able to do a lot, who has his own for every opponent’s move, who finds his own for any other trick, more cunning, will surely succeed. I told him about the upcoming work in Paris and offered to lead the direction of them.
Persigny urged Napoleon III to appoint Haussmann prefect of the Seine, which he did. The fate of Paris was sealed.
The future showed that Osman had one more trait that was valuable for a major official. It was a bulldozer. He was completely indifferent to the fate of specific people, and if the situation required it, then millions of people.
For the sake of achieving his goals, he could sacrifice them all as pawns. Moreover, this is not about pure greed or ambition, it is also about following some lofty goal, the achievement of which requires inevitable sacrifices. If you fell into Osman’s millstones, it meant that you were out of luck. They grinded you like grain and thought of you no more than ordinary millstones think. And then all of Paris with all its inhabitants fell into them.
Photo: Granger / DIOMEDIA
Do not think that until 1853 everything was fine in the French capital, and then Baron Osman came and, like Lieutenant Rzhevsky, vulgarized everything.
The fact that Paris needs a radical reconstruction was seriously discussed in the last years of the reign of King Louis XIV, at the beginning of the 18th century.
Medieval cities, and Paris of that time, in fact, was like that, are good for everyone, except that there is no place for civilization with sewers – in the truest sense of the word.
Napoleon, who loved it very much, constantly thought about the radical reconstruction of the capital. However, because of the wars, money was never enough, and he only managed to equip the Rue de Rivoli from the Place de la Concorde to the Louvre. Actually, every ruler of France dreamed of perestroika for a century and a half, but the task frightened with its grandiosity, and it was left to posterity.
Paris has not fit into Paris for a long time. The city was overcrowded, the situation was aggravated by the narrowness of the streets. Overcrowding greatly contributed to the emergence of epidemics, in particular cholera, which periodically mowed down a considerable percentage of local residents. In short, it was no longer possible to postpone the reconstruction of the French capital. Another thing is how to carry it out.
At first, Haussmann had a very specific task: to put the city in order as far as possible before the Paris International Exhibition of 1855.
Photo: DIOMEDIA
I must say that Napoleon III greatly facilitated the activities of Haussmann. Louis-Philippe also wanted to redraw Paris, but even the “banker king” did not have enough money to buy the property from the owners in order to destroy it, and then build a new one. Napoleon III solved this problem even before the arrival of Haussmann. In February 1851, a law was passed to simplify the expropriation of land and everything standing on them. Osman immediately began to widely use the new law, and he held the answer for his actions only to the emperor. Thus began something that later turned into a great tragedy for many people and for the city as a whole.
In the meantime, Haussmann was preparing Paris for the exhibition, and the count of victims had just begun.
Parliament allocated him a colossal amount of 50 million francs for those times. Another 24 million were given by the bankers, the Pereire brothers, who received the right to build buildings on the reconstructed streets for this. This financing scheme was later used by Osman repeatedly.
Photo: AFP / EASTNEWS
Reconstruction began with the Rue de Rivoli, which was significantly expanded, equipped and on which the first truly luxurious Parisian hotel, the Grand Hotel du Louvre, was erected. It was opened right before the exhibition, and the most honored guests settled there, including the most august persons. So Napoleon III, with the help of Haussmann, took the first step towards making Paris the capital not only of France, but of the world, or at least of Europe.
Photo: AFP / EASTNEWS
Further, Haussmann built the so-called Grand Cross of Paris in the north of the city.
Now Rue de Rivoli and Rue de Saint-Antoine ran from east to west, and Strasbourg and Sevastopol boulevards ran from north to south.
All these were projects of really colossal importance, but at the first stage of reconstruction, in 1853-1859, the Parisians had not yet realized what awaited them and how long it would all last.
Photo: Mary Evans / DIOMEDIA
Osman built the Parisian highways, like Nicholas I – the railway from St. Petersburg to Moscow, in a straight line, crushing everything in its path. And here for him it was not that there was nothing sacred – there was just very little, which became obvious at the next stage of construction.
Osman paved a lot of avenues and squares “alive”. In places where a street five meters wide was considered large, boulevards planted with chestnut trees 30 meters wide now appeared.
Where the Place de la Bastille is now located, several streets were destroyed. Including Le Boulevard du Crime, the famous street of theaters that has played a prominent role in the history of French culture. You can list the names of the streets that were built according to the project of Haussmann for a long and tedious time, but this does not make much sense, because in fact the whole (!) of today’s Paris is his work. Only small islands like the Marais have survived, and (who would have thought?) These are the most beautiful places in Paris.
The Ile de la Cité was especially hard hit, where almost all the buildings around Notre Dame Cathedral, both medieval and later, were destroyed, three transverse streets were laid, the square in front of the cathedral was expanded, but at the same time the Saint-Chapelle chapel landed in the courtyard of the Palace of Justice.
Photo: DeAgostini / DIOMEDIA
No mushroom grows as fast as the cost of renovating Paris.
Figures that once seemed huge became ridiculous. Only at the initial stage, 278 million francs were spent on the construction of boulevards. The costs for the next stage of destruction and construction on both banks of the Seine and on the Île de la Cité were estimated by Haussmann at 180, but in reality reached 410 million.
Photo: Mary Evans / DIOMEDIA
Osman and his followers liked to say that this was the result of fraudulent lawsuits. The fact is that almost all the first floors of the demolished buildings were occupied by shops and shops – their owners lost their business. They sued, and the court did not necessarily defend those in power. In this regard, France in the second half of the century before last was ahead of many current democracies. Of course, among the claims there were also fraudulent ones, when they tried to get money from the state for an allegedly lost, but in fact never existed business.
However, these were a small percentage. For the most part, people received not too generous compensation for their expropriated homes and ruined lives, after which they were free to go to all four sides.
Photo: Mary Evans / DIOMEDIA
When, in the late 1860s, they calculated the total cost of the Haussmannization of Paris (this is the official term – travaux haussmanniens), then, as usual, they shed tears: 2.5 billion francs. About 15 billion current dollars. But that was a different time, and the amount of money was also completely different. The amount turned out to be so huge that even Napoleon III seemed to be a little puzzled when he found out what his idea cost.
Photo: APIC / Getty Images
Victor Hugo claimed that 20 percent of all workers living in the city took part in the reconstruction of Paris.
For almost 20 years, Paris was a huge construction site with dug pits, dug up and blocked roads and endless fences.
In the end, the incessant construction began to bother even those who were originally in favor of reconstruction.
Thus, in 1867, the historian Leon Halévy wrote: “What Monsieur Haussmann did has no analogues. Everyone agrees with this. Monsieur Haussmann has done in 15 years what others would not have done in a century. But that’s enough for today. There will be another 20th century. Let’s leave some work for those who will live then.
Here, behind the ostentatious loyalty, one can see the strongest irritation: Halevi proposes to take a break not for some short period, but at least for more than three decades. He himself was already 65 at that moment, and he did not want to see any more Ottoman construction projects in his lifetime.
Around the same time, Haussmann, until then always getting his own way, suffered his first serious defeat: he was not allowed to redraw the Luxembourg Gardens the way he wanted.
Osman had to make serious concessions, but this did not suit the general public. Once he was booed by Parisians in the presence of the emperor.
Photo: Corbis / Getty Images
The fall was a foregone conclusion. Napoleon III was not distinguished by either strength of character or integrity, and the only question was when he would surrender the prefect. In 1869 Osman was asked to resign. He didn’t. Then the emperor himself relieved him of his post.
Shortly after the resignation, Haussmann was forgotten for a while: France was no longer up to him. The French, who did not defend their capital against Osman, did not defend their country against the enemy either, having lost the Franco-Prussian War of 1870-1871, which ended with the Paris Commune, with a bang, and more than one mediocre Third Napoleon was the case. A resigned herd is also a resigned herd in battle.
After the war, a republic was restored in France. The country began to recover and very quickly remembered Osman. The self-proclaimed baron, if desired, then could hear a lot of interesting things about himself. He himself thought about people whose fates had changed, no more than a feudal lord who, in pursuit of a deer, destroyed a peasant crop, but the victims did not forget him, and they found heralds with big names. Actually, they had not been silent before, but now they simply did not know how to restrain themselves.
The accusers, in turn, were not always fair. Osman radically improved the city’s sewage system, widened the streets, reduced the population density, and this led, among other things, to the fact that the number of deaths from epidemics greatly decreased. Finally, he built more housing than he demolished. Yes, not there, but built.
Photo: CCI ARCHIVES / DIOMEDIA
Another thing is no less important: the prefect completely destroyed the way of life of the inhabitants of the capital.
He destroyed the city in which they grew up, he destroyed their familiar environment, creating in its place a new, monotonous and pompous one.
But human suffering is quickly forgotten, but the city remains, and what Haussmann did to Paris was not forgiven him, considering the well-functioning sewerage system to be too little compensation. “Paris will not return, the walls are changing, / Sadly, faster than our mortal hearts,” Baudelaire said back in 1861, when Haussmann was just starting his activities. “Bleeding Paris, as if cut to pieces by a saber,” said Emile Zola ten years later, summing up the activities of the self-proclaimed baron.
But that’s people of art, what you take from them. Finally, the politicians took the floor. Jules Fleurry (in 1883-1885 he will become the country’s prime minister) called all of Haussmann’s work a triumphant vulgarity, and the majority agreed with him.
Paris has become much more spacious, but the absolutely monotonous typical Haussmann buildings, lined up throughout the city like soldiers on a parade ground, have deprived the French capital of its unique flavor.
I think that many Soviet and post-Soviet citizens, having found themselves in Paris for the first time 20-30 years ago, like me, experienced a certain disappointment and doubted the correctness of the then popular expression that if you see this city, you can die. The atmosphere, endless cafes, cheerful crowds – this, of course, is wonderful. But the city itself is very ordinary. There are architectural masterpieces like Notre Dame Cathedral or Saint Chapelle, but they exist as islands, alien to everything that surrounds them. They are simply taken out of their context, out of their city. The city is destroyed, and they, the survivors, look like its ruins.
In some ways, the second half of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th centuries were an era of great lack of culture, which Osman represented to the fullest extent. It is no coincidence that the harshest criticism fell upon the baron a hundred years after he had already completed his work.
Photo: leemage/AFP / EASTNEWS
Thus, the famous historian of Paris and curator of its museums, René Heron de Villefoss (1903-1985) wrote: “In less than twenty years, Paris has lost its historical appearance, its character, which was passed down from generation to generation.
The picturesque and charming atmosphere of the city, which the fathers passed on to us, was destroyed. Often without good reason.”
Most of all, Haussmann from de Villefoss got for the island of Cite: “Baron Haussmann launched a torpedo into the old ship of Paris, which sank during his reign. This was perhaps the most terrible crime of the megalomaniac prefect, as well as his biggest mistake. His work has done more harm than a hundred bombings. Some of his actions were driven by necessity, and we have to give credit to his self-confidence, but he certainly lacked culture and taste. In the United States, all this would have worked perfectly, but for our capital, which he covered for twenty years with fences, scaffolding, gravel and dust, his actions were a crime, a mistake and a manifestation of bad taste.
By the way, the Paris destroyed by Haussmann can still be seen. On photos. In the late 1850s, when it was already clear where Haussmann’s projects were leading, the famous photographer Charles Merville was commissioned to create a portrait of the outgoing French capital.
He was brilliant and almost the first master of the urban landscape and did an excellent job of taking hundreds of photographs that preserved the city destroyed by Haussmann for us. Unfortunately, Merville’s Paris is deserted. It’s just that the technology of that time did not allow to shoot something that was at least somehow moving, so the photographer had to choose a deserted time for his shootings, and in his works we see only buildings that will soon be demolished by Osman, but not people whose fates he will pass rink.
Image copyright, Thinkstock
Image caption,
London’s raven, one of the symbols of the British capital
Charles Dickens’ favorite pet raven was a source of inspiration not only for the author, but also for other great writers and artists.
Correspondent
BBC Culture tells the story of this charismatic bird.
In 2012, the Tower of London gained two more inhabitants: the crows Jubilee and Grip settled in it. Their arrival was timed to coincide with the 60th anniversary of the reign of Queen Elizabeth II and the 200th anniversary of the birth of Charles Dickens.
Already the third raven from the Tower was named after the pet of the famous British writer. One of his predecessors lived in the fortress during World War II: together with his girlfriend Mabel, they were the only ravens to survive the bombing of the Tower.
Charles Dickens’ raven Grip had an impressive vocabulary. The character of the fifth novel by Dickens “Barnaby Rudge” was written off from him.
On January 28, 1841, Dickens wrote to his friend George Cattermole: “I have conceived of letting [Barnaby] out only in the company of a raven who is immeasurably wiser than he. To this end I have studied my bird, and I think that I will be able to make a very curious character out of it” .
Unfortunately, Grip died just a few weeks after Dickens wrote this letter – most likely due to the fact that a few months earlier he managed to drink some paint.
This bird had a strange habit: it tore off pieces of painted surfaces (including those from the Dickens family carriage) and even somehow drank some white paint from a can.
The writer was saddened by the loss of his pet; he described his death in a tongue-in-cheek letter to his friend, illustrator Daniel Maclise.
Photo copyright, Getty
Photo caption,
In his fifth novel, Barnaby Rudge, Dickens based one of the characters on his raven Grip
Skip the Podcast and continue reading.
Podcast
What was that?
We quickly, simply and clearly explain what happened, why it’s important and what’s next.
episodes
The End of the Story Podcast
According to Dickens, when Flu began to show signs of ill health, a veterinarian was called: he “gave the patient a solid dose of castor oil.”
At first this seemed to help. The writer was delighted, watching the crow in its usual role – the bird painfully pinched the groom, who was used to Grip and took it with understanding.
The next morning, Grip was able to eat “some warm porridge”, but his recovery was not to last long.
This is what Dickens wrote to Maclise: “When the clock struck twelve, he looked somewhat alarmed, but soon returned to his usual state. !” (his favorite expression) – and died.
All this time he behaved extremely steadfastly and calmly, his self-control cannot but be given credit … The children seemed to be delighted – he pinched their ankles. He tried to play.
After Grip’s death, Charles Dickens took two birds to replace him: a second raven, also named Grip, and an eagle.
As Dickens’ eldest daughter, Mamie, mentioned in her memoirs, the second Grip was “mischievous and brash”.
Then a third Grip appeared in the family, who, according to the son of the writer Henry Dickens, managed to “dominate” the family’s other pet, the large mastiff Turk, so much that the dog moved away from his own bowl and allowed the raven to pull out the most delicious pieces of meat from it.
Image copyright, Getty
Image caption,
Poe was impressed by the descriptions of the raven in Dickens’ Barnaby Rudge
and Grip by Maclise), Charles Dickens met Edgar Allan Poe.
In previous years, Poe had published several positive reviews of Dickens, and when Poe suggested meeting in Philadelphia, Dickens happily agreed.
Only a small part of their correspondence survives, but it seems that Dickens offered to help Poe find a British publisher (in the end nothing came of it).
Poe was impressed by the descriptions of the raven in Dickens’ novel Barnaby Rudge; he was also enthralled by the fact that the raven was based on a real Dickens bird.
In his review of the novel, Poe described Grip as “extremely entertaining”.
Although there is no concrete evidence, most scholars of Poe’s work agree that it was Grip who inspired him to write the poem “The Raven” in 1845.
Lines Po “From behind the shutters came a Raven, the proud Raven of the old days, / He did not bow courteously, but like a lord he entered arrogantly, / And flapping his wing lazily, in his magnificent dignity, / He flew up on the bust of Pallas, that over the door was mine, / He flew up – and sat down over it” recall the description of the raven Barnaby from the sixth chapter of “Barnaby Rudge”.
“Having briefly surveyed the position, throwing a sidelong glance first at the ceiling, then at each of those present, he fell to the floor and moved towards Barnaby. He did not jump or run, but strode like a dandy in tight shoes who is trying to walk quickly on a broken pavement”.
The Raven was published only four years before the poet’s mysterious death at the age of 40. The poem was an instant success and became one of his most popular works.
Although the short friendship with Dickens ended in mutual cooling, the two creators remained forever connected thanks to their crows.
In 1868, having come to America for the second time, Dickens paid tribute to the memory of his restless friend. He visited Poe’s impoverished stepmother and gave her a “substantial amount of money,” according to poet expert Herb Moskowitz.
Image copyright, Getty
Image caption,
Most scholars of Poe’s work agree that it was Grip who inspired him to write the poem “The Raven” in 1845. famous paintings of the late 19th century.
In 1891, a disappointed Paul Gauguin was preparing to leave France (and his wife and children) to go to the island of Tahiti. On the eve of his departure, his friends gave him a farewell dinner at the Café Voltaire, where Poe’s The Raven was read aloud.
Although the artist denied being inspired by this poem, one of Gauguin’s works from 1897 is titled “Never”, a word the raven repeats throughout the poem.
The painting depicts a sitting bird watching people from above; NEVERMORE (“NEVER”) is written in the upper left corner of the canvas.
In a letter to his friend Daniel Monfreud, written in 1897, Paul Gauguin explains: “The title [of the painting] is ‘Never’; it is not Poe’s raven that watches, but the devil’s bird.”
The artist also wrote that he considered this work to be evidence of “a kind of wild luxury of a bygone era”.
Photo copyright, Paul Gaughin
Photo caption,
Although Paul Gauguin denied that The Raven inspired him, one of the artist’s 1897 works is called Never. English, could not know: the word dickens has been used as a synonym for the word “devil” since at least the 16th century. In particular, it is found in Shakespeare in The Merry Wives of Windsor.
Gauguin’s “Never” can be seen at the Courtauld Institute of Art in London. Unfortunately, the whereabouts of the original manuscript of The Raven is as much a mystery as the circumstances of Edgar Allan Poe’s death.
After the death of the raven, Charles Dickens employed a taxidermist who stuffed an effigy of Grip and placed him in an imposing box with a wooden frame and glass walls. The writer hung it over his desk so Grip could watch him work.
After the death of Dickens in 1870, his property went under the hammer; Gripa was bought by an American collector of items related to Poe – a colonel named Richard Gimbel.
Image copyright Thinkstock
Image caption
The current Grip is the third Tower Raven named after the author’s bird
Today, the very first Grip can be seen in the Philadelphia Public Library.
Modern Grip, Jubilee and other royal ravens walk around the Tower of London all day, paying little attention to the thousands who want to photograph them.
At night, the crows sleep in pairs in cages that protect them from the claims of the tower foxes (who already have several crows to their credit, including one of Grip’s predecessors).
Inside the cages – branches on which crows can nestle, and mirrors; It is believed that crows are one of the few animals that can recognize their own reflection.
Beefeater Chris Scaifi, who holds the honorary position of Ravenmaster, is in charge of the birds. Crows tug at his uniform with their beaks, eat from his hands and walk with him around the fortress.
There are two common myths about the ravens from the Tower: the first is that there is an ancient prophecy that if the ravens fly away from the Tower, London will be destroyed.
Image copyright Thinkstock
Image caption
According to the myth, if the ravens leave the Tower, London will end. We know for sure that the second myth is not true: ravens do not have their wings cut off and they are all able to fly.